Писатель: Заднепровский Богдан
Входит в цикл: “Эссе”
Глава в томе: Национал-социализм: Хронология 1871-1925 I
Случайный абзац
Ниже, после хронологии будут сделаны некоторые выводы по нюансам словоупотребления термина и его производных, по нюансам перевода этих словоформ на русский язык, а также в целом по раннему НС, "до Гитлера".
II. ХРОНОЛОГИЯ УПОМИНАНИЯ ТЕРМИНА "НАЦИОНАЛ-СОЦИАЛИЗМ"
И ЕГО ПРОИЗВОДНЫХ С 1871 ПО 1925 гг.
1871
1 (en). The Russian national character does not strive in any other direction for a spiritualization of forms and institutions derived from antiquity ; and those sects which originated in the official reforms attempted by Nikon, and in opposition to him laid the foundations of the schism, are most widely spread, have attained the strongest influence upon the national life, and have gradually risen to such power among the people, that even the Government has had to abandon its hostility, and been obliged to tolerate their existence. This group of sects is generally called the Old Believers; and they are regarded as such special representatives of dissent that the collective term Raskolniki (apostates, heretics) is in popular phraseology applied to them alone among all the schismatics. On the other hand, in these, as in all the other sects, which, however different in form and expression, are still by their nature intimately connected, there is a common endeavour to formulate into religious dogmas the socialistic and communistic tendencies of Russian nationality. It would scarcely be a paradox to say that the Russian Raskol is merely a religious expression of national socialism. This aphorism is far from being a sufficient explanation of Russian sectarianism; but it contains a partial truth which deserves some development. Those sects which are furthest from the Orthodox Church, and even lie almost outside the pale of Oriental Christianity, are the oldest and the youngest. The oldest appear to have been introduced into Russia simultaneously with Byzantine Christianity, though by another road, perhaps through the scattered Gnostics of the East; the youngest, on the contrary, derive their origin from the theosophistic and mystic influences of West-European immigrants, and hardly date further back than the last century, and, in part, not beyond the epoch of the Napoleonic invasion. In any case the origin of both is unconnected with the schism in the Church. Among these sects, which are sometimes, though erroneously, comprehended under the name of Duchoborzi — their correct designation being Spiritualists — the socialistic element does n
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